Internal-combustion engine.



UNEED STATES. PATENT OFFCE.

JcsEPH PIERCE, or P HILAIJELEHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, AssIGNoR To THEAMERICANCYCLE can compariva-OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION oFDELAWARE.

. "Speelfication of Letters Yatent.

AINTERNAli-COMBUS'LIOLN'. ENGINE.

Patented Jam 12,1915.

. Appii'cati-on'ined lie-mbar ii, 1913.A semi No. 805,'960.

T o all 'u :hom it mayiconce'rri."

Be it known that l, Josirt Pianos, a c iti-' zen of the United IStates,residing'at Philadelphia, county of lPhilidelphia,-and State usefulImprovement in Internal-Combustion Engines, of "which the following is afull,

clear, and exact-description, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings, which form a part of this specification.

incpensiveness. 'llie invention` consists of Aan engine of this type'having certain characteristics vot Aci betaveen the main valve of thevalve chamber.

structure and operation, chief among which vi's a new construction andarrangement of vaive menioersnnd -in'lct and-exlia'ust'ports '20y l Inthe drawings: Figure"1f-"isiai`- vI-eitical sectional view o'f thevengine. Figs4 2, 3

ever, will involve merc'duplica'tion of thosev illustrated so connectedto the crankshaft as to operate in' proper sequence.

The casing of the engine comprises the ycylinder or piston chamber a andthe valve chamber I), the latter being arrangedat the head or upper endvof .the cylinder and' at right angles to its axis. Within the cylinderis the reciprocablepiston connected to a crank on the'cran'kyshaft e bymeans of the connectingr rod d.

The valvefchamber b is cylindrica l in -shapc and accommodates thecompound're- )rocable 'valve f, g. vThis valvcris madc tn'o parts; themain-valve f having a solid central' portion/ and annular end p0r-.tionsg and-the valve sleeve ggwvhich concentrically surrounds the mainvalve and slides land the inner Ivall The headof thecylinder is closedand is provided with separate inlet and exhaust ports, /L and i. shapeand extend around the valve easing The valve casing is provided with anei:-

These ports are Vot' annular lianst'poit i which is locatedin the sideof lthe valve casing opposite"t he 'cylinder and which is offset fromthe "portiinthe direction of "the length ofgtlielvalife 7 The valvecasing' v is'also -piovided with an Ainlet 'i'oitf/i located in tlicsameside of the valve lhe inainvalv'e f isfp`r 'o v idcd.v vith' twopassages', m and n. VThe pssageiQex'teii-ds transversely through thesaine atA an angle to the radius of thevalve s iteends extend toward4'the 'Sid' o-"tb`e valve casing r:it which the"cylindeiisllocated.

' The valvejsleeveg is providedvvith two Y"pairs 'of ports, theinletvports'o and o', and

the `exhaust ports 7i and 'p The Ports P,

and fo" are locatedin" tli`e1same sideof fthe valvev vas thecyliiiderf-Theport p' is located in the side ofthe' valv'eoposite the'cylinder. and 'l are diagrammatic vieyvs sh0\ving` the relativepositions of piston and"'-va l\'es' at" "difer'ent points in' the cycleo fo `eiatior is V .'ll'hile'meinvention isjshovn as embodied in aVsingle cy'lii'ider,v i t '\v .i ll lie'iifriders'tood that, inpractice, 'and Apartieularlyin auto-f mobile' construction, four ',or"si.`\ cylinders Y will ordinarily bc employed, {v hich, hovv- 20A -Thecaioureter z iscon-nec't'ed rneansof piper-z'- -vvith tli'e in letportlifin thevatve casing. ALS n 'illfbe liereinaftendes'cribed', the

motive' fluidenters) t'lieg'pirston.. hamb'ec 'port 11' and portIt-'will tiusbefnde'rstood that it is necessary foixall the-fports of aserie-sto communicate in Vorder to admit 'motive [luid or allow theproducts of combustion to escape, as thc caseinay be, and that thetivovseries of ports are-entirely independent one from the fother.

'lhe two memberso .t l e\'falveare given a. differential movement from`the supplemental shaft- 'r, which is driven from the" crank sha fte, ata ratiov of one to two, by

'any' appropriatedrive, las, for example, ljy

means of sprocket chaiint engaging a sprocket \vheel .s fast on thecrank shaft e aiidasproclet wheel u fast onthe valve actuatingjr shaft'i'. l prefer to-actuate the valve members from eccentrics 'v and to, onthe shaft r. The eccentric chas sleeved on it a connecting-rodVpivotally connected to the main valvef; while aconnecting rod zr,

is sleeved on the eccentric w.

The operation of the valve may be readily understood from the foregoinglcscription in connection with the drawings', the four pivotallyconnected to the valve Sleeve g,

Iigures'of whichf illustrate four typical povsiti-ons of the compoundvalve in the cycle of -theengine. y

Inf'Fig. I the piston c has reached the upper limit of its stroke andthe charge has been compressed, and about in this position the charge istired. It will be noted that y in .this position'the main'valve f andvalve vsleeve g' are in such 'position as 'to close both the supplyV andexhaust and that vonly the- ,solid part of the'valve'sleeve is exposedto fthe fire.' 'As',a piston c moves down, the

- vffvalve"members are caused to slide with a the o'rt i. At thesanief'-'tiling'4 the extension,-

tonhas moved down so that the crank-shaft possibility of leakagefro'ni'i the port;.i to

vv.ofnt e port .entirely-around'f'the valve casing maintains the valvebalanced by e 'ually distributing the pressure thereon and acilx-`t`ates the'exhaustf'as soon as the valvemoves v-intopositionftocause'the exhaust ports to intercommunicate.

During the completion of 'the downward vmovementfof thepis'ton andduring its upward movement, lthe valve members continue to slide, butthe exhaust ports remain incom- I 4'mu'nication `until-.the piston hascompleted degrees'A beyond upp'er deadcenter, ait-which itsrupwardstr'oke and preferably until 4theV crank shafthas oassed va veryfew l' time-.the exhaust' passage 'n in the main valve'is cut off fromthe exhaust ports 72,17',

in`the valve sleeve, as shown in Fig. 3.-

Immediately thereafter the inlet ports are brought into position to.intercommunicate andremain in this position during the next .downwardv"or, suction stroke of thev piston 1 and until tli'e crank shaft haspassed (say) about thirty-five degrees beyond lower dead center,asfshown in F ig.` 4. l'Vhile the inlet ports are in communication, apassage of minimum length fromjg-t'ne carbureter to the cylinderis'provided forv thepressure fluid which, both from structural andvoperative l st'andpoints, is advantageous.- v When the arts Vreach theposition shown in Fig. 4, the inlet ports o, o', of the Valve sleeveare' cut oil' from the cylinder inletports h, h; and during thcremaining part ofthe upward or compression stroke-of the piston, thepositions of the vvalve* members are' such as to maintain closed boththe supply and exhaust. This completes the cycleiof operations.

Having now fully described my invention, what l claim and desire toprotect by Letters Patent is:

1. In an internalcomhustion engine, the combination of a crank shaft, apiston con- VYLlegada nected therewith, a cylinder havinga closed headat one .end thereof provided with sepal rate-inlet and exhaust ports, acylindrical' valve casing arranged at the head of the cylinder, saidports-extending around the inner wall of the valve casing, a valvecomposed of a sleeve valve slidable within the casing and a main valveslidable Within the sleeve, there being an inlet port in the valvecasing on thelsldeV thereof at which the cylinder is locatedan exhaustport 1n the valve casing ontheopposite side thereof,

two inlet Yports andv` an exhaust port in the valvesleeve von the sidethereof at which the cylinder is located and an exhaust port ed toconnect the twoexhaust ports in th'e valve sleeve, saidfinlet portsarranged to communicate only with each other and said exhaust portsarra'nged to communicate only with each other, and means actuated fromthe crank shaft to impart a ldifferential movement to the valvemembers.'

2. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of a crank shaft,apiston connected therewith, a cylinder, a cylindrical` valvecasing'arranged at the head of the cylinder and rovided `with twoannular exhaust port, on its inside wall separately ports, one an inletport and the other a`n V communicating with the piston chamber,-Z

there being two other ports in the valve ca'sing, one of which is aninlet port on the side thereof at which the cylinder is located and theother of which is an exhaust port, a valve composedof a valve sleeveslidable within the casing and a main valve slidable within the sleeve,there being in the valve sleeve two'inlet ports and an exhaust port onthe side thereof at which the cylinder is located and also anotherexhaustl port, and in the mainvalve an Iinlet passage adapted to connectwith the two inlet ports'in the valve sleeve and -an exhaust passageadapted to connect the two exhaust ports `in the valve sleeve, andm'eansjac'tuated from the crank shaft to ,imparta differential movementto the valve members. y

3. In an internalcombustion engine, the combination of `a crank shaft,apiston connected therewith, a cylinder, a cylindrica valvecasingarranged at:.the head of thl cylinder and "provided `with two annulaports, one an inlet port and the other ai exhaust port, on its insidewall separatelw .communicating withthe piston chambei there being twoother ports in the valve cas ing one of which is 'an inlet port and thother an exhaust Vport, a valve composed c a valve sleeve slidablewithin thc casing an a main valve slidable within the sleev there beingan inlet port in the valve sleeve and un inlet passage in the main valveadapted to communicate only with euch other und with the other inletports, und an exhaust port in the valve sleeve-und an exhaust passage inthefrnain vulve adapted to communicate only with euch other und with theother exhaust ports, und means actuated from the crunk shaft to impart adilferential movement to the vulve members.

Lt. In :in internal combustion engine, the comhimxtion of a crank shaft,a piston eonnected therewith, a cylinder, a cylindrical vnl e casinghaving un inlet port on the side thereof at which the cylinder islocated but oliset relatively thereto und having an exhaust port on theside thereof opposite the cylinder, n valve composed of n vulve sleevesliduble within the easing and a main valve slidiihle within the sleeve,there being two inlet ports and an exhaust port in the valve sleeve onthe side thereof at which the cylinder is located und an exhaust port inthe valve sleeve on the opposite side, :1 U-shaped inlet passage in themain valve adapted to connect the two inlet ports in the valve sleeve,an exhaust passage extending through the main valve und adapted toconnect the two exhaust ports in the valve sleeve, and means actuatedfrom the crank shaft to impart a differential movement to the valvemembers.

In testimony of which invention, I have hereunto set my hand, atPhiladelphia, on this 21st day of November, 1913.

JOSEPH PIERCE.

Witnesses;

M. M. HAMILTON, E. E. WALL.

